Mahakumbh Special: The Fascinating History of Allahabad

Religious conversions have been a topic of discussion for centuries, and even Mughal emperor Akbar witnessed attempts to convert people to Christianity. One such incident is believed to have taken place around 1576, during the Ardh Kumbh Mela.

Ali Quli Khan’s Rebellion and Akbar’s Visit to Allahabad

Akbar visited the city of Allahabad (then known as Prayag) for the second time in 1575. His first visit was to suppress the rebellion of Ali Quli Khan, a Mughal commander from the Kara region. During his extended stay, Akbar began constructing his famous fort near the Sangam, the confluence of the Ganga, Yamuna, and the mythical Saraswati rivers.

Akbar’s Connection with Sangam and Religion

While staying in the region, Akbar immersed himself in understanding its deep religious significance. He participated in the ritualistic bath at the Sangam and was influenced by the spiritual atmosphere and religious discourses taking place during the Kumbh. This impact was so profound that he decided to rename the city 'Ilahabas', meaning 'the place of God.' The name was later modified to Allahabad.

The Prayer House and an Attempt to Convert Akbar

Akbar established a prayer house (Ibadat Khana) within his fort in Allahabad, where religious discussions were held. According to historical accounts, an attempt was made to introduce Akbar to Christianity and persuade him to convert. This intriguing episode has been documented in ‘Kumbh: Aatishakti Vangmay’, a book written by historian Dr. Heramb Chaturvedi.

Pastor Montserrant and the Portuguese Missionaries

At this time, a Portuguese priest named Pastor Montserrant reported to the Portuguese government that Akbar was in Prayag. He later visited Akbar’s court, where he tried to spread Christian beliefs. Additionally, another renowned Portuguese missionary, Vedetti, had arrived in India with a similar mission.

Religious Debates in Akbar’s Ibadat Khana

During the Kumbh Mela, religious debates and discussions took place not only at the Sangam but also within Akbar’s Ibadat Khana. Missionaries, scholars, and religious leaders from different backgrounds engaged in theological conversations, attempting to influence the emperor. However, Akbar quickly realized that these debates often led to religious conflicts rather than enlightenment. Concerned about rising tensions, he eventually shut down the Ibadat Khana, declaring that true religious discourse could only happen at the Kumbh.

The Mythological and Historical Significance of Prayag

The city of Prayag, also known as Tirtharaj Prayag, has held great religious significance for centuries. According to Hindu mythology, Lord Brahma performed the first yagya (sacrificial ritual) here after creating the universe. The name Prayag is derived from ‘Pra’ (first) and ‘Yag’ (sacrifice). This sacred place is mentioned in the Rigveda and various Puranas.

The Changing Name of the City

Over the centuries, the city’s name underwent several changes. In the 1500s, a Muslim ruler renamed Prayagraj to Allahabad. However, in 2018, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath restored its ancient name, Prayagraj, bringing back its original identity.

The Grandeur of Kumbh Mela

Prayagraj hosts one of the world's largest religious gatherings, the Kumbh Mela, every 12 years, with the Ardh Kumbh occurring every six years. Millions of devotees from across the globe participate in this grand event, taking a holy dip in the Sangam to cleanse themselves of sins and attain spiritual liberation.

This rich history of Prayag highlights its spiritual essence, the influence it had on emperors like Akbar, and the deep-rooted faith that continues to draw people to the sacred confluence of rivers.

Read More: UP Cabinet Approves PRD Allowance Hike and Administrative Reforms in Key Meeting