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Ureteral stones are formations of minerals from the kidneys that travel down the ureters and obstruct the bladder. This is a more complicated explanation that is just described as a crystalline ureter. The ureters connect to the bladder and transport the minerals, even though calcium and uric acid are typically involved. The crystal could be triggered and some conditions that could lead to it forming include:
Reduced fluid consumption leading to dehydration helps in the production of concentrated urine which squeezes out more minerals causing the stone to grow.
Diseases that trigger metabolism shifts such as high strain of calcium, high uric acid levels, heightened levels of oxalate and reduced levels of citrate.
A history of kidney stones or having a positive family history with one.
Kidney stones are often formed due to recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Having kidney disease or diabetes or suffered from hyperthyroidism.
Being considered obese or having a high body mass index.
Certain medications like diuretics and calcium-heavy tablets, specific antibiotics and retroviral drugs.
Residing in hotter climates can trigger dehydration and result in further stone development.
Developmental anomalies occurring during birth that at times obstruct the flow of urine.
Ureter stones have so many categories. Here are the categories, for example:
Majority – Calcium Stones - Oxalate/ phosphates
Sometimes – Uric Acid Stones – which develop when high uric acid levels present.
Cause: Group of Strovite and Urinary tract infection stones.
Cystine stones – This occurs due genetic defect affecting the amino acids metabolism.
Ureteric stones may produce the following signs and symptoms
In flank region discomfort and horrible ache in the back and groin region
Nausea and vomiting
Hematuria (Blood in urine )
During urination – sensation of pain or burning sensation
Urge to urinate
The feeling which may develop include an inability to empty the bladder feeling.
Cloudiness in urine which is caused by infection or by the stone pieces that are suspected.
Dr Vikram G D, Consultant - Urology and andrology, Manipal Hospital, Hebbal and Yeshwanthpur, which is dealt with imaging techniques as USG abdomen and pelvis, CT scan and X-rays, alongside blood counts, renal function , glucose and urine tests provides a case diagnosis based on its clinical symptoms.
In order to avoid ureteric stones people are advised to:
Drink plenty of water.
Stay away from high protein and calcium foods, oxalate containing foods like spinach and nuts, too much salt and sodas.
Citrus fruits, for example, are great sources of citrate.
Stones can recur. But regular visits can help limit the chance of that. Such visits can help show dirty signs on stones at a very early stage in their formation.
The ureteral stones, if not treated, may cause severe complications like kidney infections, bleeding during the process of stone passage or treatment, and acute kidney injury/failure.
